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Complete PICLE corpus of essays by Polish advanced EFL students (330,000)
/^t/Secondly intelligence requires reasoning. So for example, a student of English Philology must develop various strategies of reasoning in order to acquire knowledge in many subjects and on many levels of abstraction. The reasoning processes include an ability to deduct, that is to reason from general principles to a particular case. So a student of English, while learning phonological principles about aspiration, on the basis of general rule should be able to say which sounds in English are aspirated and which are not. The opposite mental process of reasoning is called induction, which involves discovering general laws from particular facts or examples. Thus, a student of English given only various instances of words in which sounds are aspirated, should be able to come up with a general principle referring to the process of aspiration in English language. Moreover, intelligence denotes an ability to synthetise, that is to combine separate facts or parts into one unity. This ability is necessery in learning for example history, because a student has to learn many historical events in order to have a general "picture" of history. The opposite mental process is connected with analysing things to study their structure. This type of thinking which demands careful analysis to understand mathaphors and symbols is necessary in studying for example literature.